ABSTRACT
Aiming at the severe form of new coronavirus epidemic prevention and control, a target detection algorithm is proposed to detect whether masks are worn in public places. The Ghostnet and SElayer modules with fewer design parameters replace the BottleneckCSP part in the original Yolov5s network, which reduces the computational complexity of the model and improves the detection accuracy. The bounding box regression loss function DIOU is optimized, the DGIOU loss function is used for bounding box regression, and the center coordinate distance between the two bounding boxes is considered to achieve a better convergence effect. In the feature pyramid, the depthwise separable convolution DW is used to replace the ordinary convolution, which further reduces the amount of parameters and reduces the loss of feature information caused by multiple convolutions. The experimental results show that compared with the yolov5s algorithm, the proposed method improves the mAP by 4.6% and the detection rate by 10.7 frame/s in the mask wearing detection. Compared with other mainstream algorithms, the improved yolov5s algorithm has better generalization ability and practicability. © 2022 ACM.
ABSTRACT
PurposeWith the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, the production shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE), such as surgical masks, has become increasingly significant. It is vital to quickly provide high-quality, hygienic PPE during pandemic periods. This comprehensive case study aims to confirm that Kaizen and 5S applications reduce wastage rates and stoppages, which as a result, created a more efficient and sustainable workplace in a small–mediumenterprise (SME) producing PPE in Turkey.Design/methodology/approachThe method for this case is discussed with the help of a flowchart using the DMAIC cycle: D-define, M-measure, A-analyse, I-improve and C-control.FindingsThe total stoppages due to fishing line, gripper, piston and yarn welding have decreased by approximately 42.4%. As a result of eliminating wasted time and reduced changeovers, a total of 5,502 min have been saved per month. This increased production of approximately 10.55% per month, led to an addition of 506,184 units.Originality/valueThe use of lean manufacturing (LM), Six Sigma, Lean Six Sigma and continuous improvement methodologies are not common in textile SMEs. Based on the current literature reviewed, to the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first comprehensive case study that combines statistical tools, such as hypothesis tests and LM practices, in the production process for a PPE company operating as a textile SME.
ABSTRACT
PurposeWith the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, the production shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE), such as surgical masks, has become increasingly significant. It is vital to quickly provide high-quality, hygienic PPE during pandemic periods. This comprehensive case study aims to confirm that Kaizen and 5S applications reduce wastage rates and stoppages, which as a result, created a more efficient and sustainable workplace in a small-mediumenterprise (SME) producing PPE in Turkey. Design/methodology/approachThe method for this case is discussed with the help of a flowchart using the DMAIC cycle: D-define, M-measure, A-analyse, I-improve and C-control. FindingsThe total stoppages due to fishing line, gripper, piston and yarn welding have decreased by approximately 42.4%. As a result of eliminating wasted time and reduced changeovers, a total of 5,502 min have been saved per month. This increased production of approximately 10.55% per month, led to an addition of 506,184 units. Originality/valueThe use of lean manufacturing (LM), Six Sigma, Lean Six Sigma and continuous improvement methodologies are not common in textile SMEs. Based on the current literature reviewed, to the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first comprehensive case study that combines statistical tools, such as hypothesis tests and LM practices, in the production process for a PPE company operating as a textile SME.
ABSTRACT
Paper aims: This research article addresses an innovative solution to face one of the main problems in the footwear industry, namely the high order non-fulfillment rate. Originality: This research offers companies in the footwear industry the possibility of implementing Andon through a structured and planned process that allows expediting problem solving. The advantage of this system is the ability to signal the status of workstations through rapid visual identification. Moreover, in this way social distancing is also secured, in line with World Health Organization guidelines to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Research method: The article presents four phases through which the case study was addressed. Planning (determination of objectives), Restructuring of the Operations Area, Improvement of the Production Line and Continuous Improvement. Main findings: An Arena simulation system was used to establish a new scenario where the defective product indicator decreases by 3.13% and productivity improves by about 38%. In turn, the resulting increase in the number of orders enhances company sales and profits, as well as the ability to meet the customer demand in a timely manner. Implications for theory and practice: The case study suggests that the main causes of this issue (high order non-fulfillment rate) are the increasing rate of defective goods, delays in the production process, and excessive time consumption in the movement of staff and materials. This research serves as the basis for future lines of research, as well as for other organizations with similar characteristics to implement the proposal. © 2022
ABSTRACT
Yero Baldeh has over twenty-four years of professional experience, seventeen of which with the African Development Bank. He is currently the Director of the Transition States Coordination Office at the African Development Bank (AfDB), Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. Prior to this, he was the Country Manager for Ghana, Lead Coordinator of the Transition States Coordination Office and Country Manager in Sierra Leone, among other posts. Before he joined the Bank in 2004, Dr Baldeh was the Head of The Gambia Social Development Fund.Amel Hamza has more than thirty years of management and technical experience on gender and related topics, with over a decade of successful track record in the AfDB. She is currently leading the AfDB's roll-out and implementation of the 2021-2025 Gender Strategy. Prior to joining the AfDB, Dr Hamza worked in academia in her home country of Sudan and held different positions in UNICEF and UN Women. She holds a master's degree in Development Studies with specialization in Women and Development from the Institute of Social Studies, from the Netherlands.
ABSTRACT
Nowadays information technologies have been essential for the advancement of teaching and professional development. The world has experienced a pandemic crisis based on a virus called Sars-cov 2,this changed the way of living and the way of learning, now we face the challenge of learning to distance, the virtual laboratory allows us to acquire knowledge and develop skills based on a series of practices that the student carries out, this integrates Lean Manufacturing tools in order to give added value to the client, and by effect reducing waste to the company, which is one of the characteristics most important in lean philosophy. The purpose of this work is to facilitate the scope of the topics giving students the use of a quality process into the virtual reality simulator that ensure the quality of knowledge transmission based on practices designed to learn mechatronics and lean manufacturing topics. A virtual reality application is used to simulate a physical laboratory, which consists of: Research, Development and Testing steps, using Unity and 3DMax software. The virtual laboratory for a distance modality in the mechatronics career was carried out at technical high school, and developed by students of the mechanical and electrical engineering faculty, and currently designed for 2 practices, one of them is based on a DMAIC cycle [1]. Copyright © 2021 by ASME